RHEL下安装MySQL
1.到mysql的网站(必须到官方网站下载,防止数据被修改,纂改过)下载四个必须rpm 安装包:
http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.0.html#linux-rhel5-ia64-rpms
MySQL-client-5.1.16-0.glibc23.i386.rpm
MySQL-devel-5.1.16-0.glibc23.i386.rpm
MySQL-server-5.1.16-0.glibc23.i386.rpm
MySQL-shared-5.1.16-0.glibc23.i386.rpm
2. 通过ssh远程控制工具传到服务器上,放在适当的目录下(如:/opt/mysql/mysql5.1.16)
3.进入目录(/opt/mysql/mysql5.1.16)下安装msyql:
rpm 文件是Red Hat公司开发的软件安装包，rpm可让Linux在安装软件包时免除许多复杂的手续。该命令在安装时常用的参数是–ivh ,其中i表示将安装指定的rmp软件包，V表示安装时的详细信息，h表示在安装期间出现"#"符号来显示目前的安装过程。这个符号将持续到安装完成后才停止。
[root@qudee mysql5.1.16]# rpm –ivhMySQL-client-5.1.16-0.glibc23.i386.rpm
[root@qudee mysql5.1.16]# rpm –ivhMySQL-devel-5.1.16-0.glibc23.i386.rpm
[root@qudee mysql5.1.16]# rpm –ivhMySQL-shared-5.1.16-0.glibc23.i386.rpm
[root@qudee mysql5.1.16]# rpm –ivhMySQL-server-5.1.16-0.glibc23.i386.rpm
显示如下信息
warning: MySQL-server-5.1.16-0.i386.rpm: V3DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 5072e1f5
Preparing...########################################### [100%]
1:MySQL-server ###########################################[100%]
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THEMySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue thefollowing commands:
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password'new-password'
/usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h localhostpassword 'new-password'
See the manual for more instructions.
NOTE: If you are upgrading from a MySQL<= 3.22.10 you should run
the /usr/bin/mysql_fix_privilege_tables.Otherwise you will not be
able to use the new GRANT command!
Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbugscript!
The latest information about MySQL isavailable on the web at
http://www.mysql.com
Support MySQL by buying support/licensesathttps://order.mysql.com
StartingMySQL...................................[失败]
4.查看已安装的包
[root@qudee mysql5.1.20]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
或者 [root@qudeemysql5.1.20]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
MySQL-devel-5.1.20-0.glibc23
MySQL-shared-5.1.20-0.glibc23
MySQL-client-5.1.20-0.glibc23
MySQL-server-5.1.20-0.glibc23
5.查看[root@qudee /]# locate mysql.server 的路径
/usr/share/man/man1/mysql.server.1.gz
/usr/share/mysql/mysql.server
复制并更名[root@qudee /]#cp /usr/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
6.查看[root@qudee /]# locate my-huge.cnf 的路径
/usr/share/doc/MySQL-server-5.1.16/my-huge.cnf
/usr/share/mysql/my-huge.cnf
复制并更名[root@qudee/]#cp /usr/share/mysql/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf
7.启动服务:
service mysqld start
Starting MySQL [ OK ]
启动成功!恭喜~~~
8.编辑vi /etc/my.cnf 这个文件,设置字符集,支持国际化.
default-character-set=utf8 //在此添加字符集
# Here follows entries for some specificprograms
# The MySQL server
[mysqld] port = 3306
#socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
skip-locking
key_buffer = 384M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_cache = 512
sort_buffer_size = 2M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_size = 32M
default-character-set=utf8 //在此添加字符集
# Try number of CPU's*2 forthread_concurrency
thread_concurrency = 16
先按Esc, 再同时按Shift + ; 再输入wq! (推出并保存)
呵呵! 字符集就配置好了~~~
9.MySQL默认的数据文件存储目录为/var/lib/mysql。假如要把目录移到/qudeedata/dbdata/mysql5.1.16下需要进行下面几步：
(1)、/qudeedata/dbdata目录下建立mysql5.1.16目录
cd /qudeedata/dbdata
mkdir mysql5.1.16
(2)、把MySQL服务进程停掉：
service mysqld stop
(3)、把/var/lib/mysql整个目录移到/qudeedata/dbdata/mysql5.1.16
mv /var/lib/mysql/qudeedata/dbdata/mysql5.1.16
这样就把MySQL的数据文件移动到了/qudeedata/dbdata/mysql5.1.16下
(4)、编辑MySQL的配置文件/etc/my.cnf
为保证MySQL能够正常工作，需要指明mysql.sock文件的产生位置。修改socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock一行中等号右边的值为：
/qudeedata/dbdata/mysql5.1.16/mysql/mysql.sock。操作如下：
命令: vi my.cnf (用vi工具编辑my.cnf文件，找到下列数据修改之)
# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port= 3306
#socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock（原内容，为了更稳妥用"#"注释此行）
socket = /qudeedata/dbdata/mysql5.1.16/mysql/mysql.sock （加上此行）
(5)、修改MySQL启动脚本/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
最后，需要修改MySQL启动脚本/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld，把其中datadir=/var/lib/mysql一行中，等号右边的路径改成你现在的实际存放路径：
/qudeedata/dbdata/mysql5.1.16。
[root@test1 etc]# vi/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
#datadir=/var/lib/mysql （注释此行）
datadir=/qudeedata/dbdata/mysql5.1.16（加上此行）
10、自动启动
1）察看mysql是否在自动启动列表中
[root@qudee /]#chkconfig –list
2）把MySQL添加到你系统的启动服务组里面去
[root@qudee /]#chkconfig – addmysql
11.测试通过命令是否能够启动,停止,重启
结果:
[root@qudee /]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL [ OK ]
[root@qudee /]# service mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. [ OK ]
Starting MySQL [ OK ]
[root@qudee /]# service mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL... [ OK ]
[root@qudee /]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL [ OK ]
[root@qudee /]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL... [ OK ]
Starting MySQL [ OK ]
[root@qudee /]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL.. [ OK ]
证明,成功安装mysql.注:还可以通过添加,查询,删除数据库中的数据进行操作.
12.完成安装!
本篇文章来源于 Linux公社网站(www.linuxidc.com) 原文链接：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2008-10/16288.htm